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September 17, 2026Earthquake Engineering & Structural DynamicsOpen Access

Three‐Dimensional Analytical Model of a Podium Structure With Rocking Columns of Square Cross Section

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Authors

DADimitra AdamopoulouMVMichalis F. Vassiliou

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Overview

Analytical modeling study reveals size-independent displacement demands in 3D rocking podium structures, highlighting a simplified design framework using unified rocking spectra.

Key Points

  • Develop a computationally efficient three-dimensional analytical model to assess the seismic behavior and dynamic response of podium structures supported by rocking columns.
  • Derived equations of motion and impact damping formulations for a rigid slab supported by square-cross-section columns rocking bidirectionally without sliding or twisting.
  • Conducted dynamic response simulations across 176 bidirectional pulse-like ground motion records to generate 3D rocking spectra.
  • Demonstrated that the multi-column podium structure matches the dynamic response of an equivalent solitary rocking column with identical slenderness but larger size.
  • Determined that the ratio of peak ground velocity to pulse period (PGV/Tp) serves as a more efficient acceleration intensity measure than peak ground acceleration (PGA).
  • Showed that maximum displacement demands depend solely on column slenderness rather than physical size, validating the use of unified, size-independent 3D rocking design spectra.

Cite This Study

Adamopoulou et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aabb6c75f706d05830e5704https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.70291
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Three‐Dimensional Analytical Model of a Free‐Standing Square Rocking Column2026
  2. 2Three-Dimensional Analytical Model and Seismic Response Analysis of Bridges with Rectangular Rocking Columns2026
  3. 3Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of a Simplified Lateral Spring Formulation for Rocking Structures2026
  4. 4Proof‐of‐Concept Study of SMA‐Based Rocking Podium Structure Towards Mitigating the Soft‐Story Mechanism2026
  5. 5Towards a physically based design framework for rocking structures2026