Cubosomes: A Review

Cubosomes are self-assembled, lipid-based nanoparticles featuring a unique bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline structure—a continuous lipid bilayer intertwined with interconnected water channels. This internal architecture allows them to simultaneously encapsulate hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic therapeutic agents with high loading capacity, biocompatibility, and controlled release properties. Structural & Functional Superiority offers distinct advantages in solubility, stability, and bioavailability compared to traditional nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, and lipid nanoparticles. Versatile Delivery Routes can be applicable across oral, topical, transdermal, ocular, pulmonary, intranasal, and parenteral administration. Targeted & Advanced Applications are utilized in cancer therapy, brain targeting, gene delivery, vaccines & antimicrobial treatments. Cubosomes are formulated through specific preparation techniques and evaluated using specialized analytical methods for structural integrity and release kinetics. Preclinical success about cubosome is strong, but widespread clinical adoption requires overcoming scale-up manufacturing, long-term stability, and regulatory hurdles. Integration with AI, Quality-by-Design (QbD), and precision medicine is key to their future clinical viability.