Outbreak of trypanosomiasis due to Trypanosoma vivax (Ziemann, 1905) in bovines of the Pantanal, Brazil

In this paper we report the first recorded occurrence of Trypanosoma vivax in the Pantanal, Brazil.The Pantanal is a seasonal floodplain of about 140,000 km 2 , located in the centre of South America, between 16° and 21° S and 55° and 58° W (Fig .).It is divided into ten subregions differing in terms of water courses, soil types and historical occupation (EMBRAPA/CENARGEN 1987 Documentos, 82, Brasília, DF, Brasil, 339 pp.).Extensive cattle ranches varying from 10,000 to 200,000 ha occupy most of this wetland.The Pantanal is one of the most important livestock + Corresponding author.