Iridium-based stellate (star-shaped) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane macromolecular dyes were synthesized and an inkjet printing process to deposit inks based on these materials was developed. Polymeric–macromolecular blended light emitting diodes based on these hybrid organic–inorganic dyes were studied. We find peak luminances of ∼10,000 cd/m2 with peak quantum efficiencies of ∼2.5% are possible with the printed layers. White light interferometry measurements suggest that large printed layer thicknesses and interface roughness play a crucial role in limiting device performance. A cumulative coffee-ring effect is considered to be the source of interface roughness.
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Singh et al. (2009) studied this question.
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