User Clustering for STAR-RIS Assisted Full-Duplex NOMA Communication Systems

In contrast to conventional reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) has been proposed recently to enlarge the serving area from 180° to 360° coverage. This work considers the performance of a STAR-RIS aided full-duplex (FD) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication systems. The STAR-RIS is implemented at the cell-edge to assist the celledge users, while the cell-center users can communicate directly with a FD base station (BS). We first introduce new user clustering schemes for the downlink and uplink transmissions. Then, based on the proposed transmission schemes closed-form expressions of the ergodic rates in the downlink and uplink modes are derived taking into account the system impairments caused by the self interference at the FD-BS and the imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC). Moreover, an optimization problem to maximize the total sum-rate is formulated and solved by optimizing the amplitudes and the phase-shifts of the STAR-RIS elements and allocating the transmit power efficiently. The performance of the proposed user clustering schemes and the optimal STAR-RIS design are investigated through numerical results.