Key result
Early resuscitation and antigenic load reduction are essential for post-trauma multiple organ dysfunction carrying ~70% mortality.
Why the study?
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is the leading cause of death in surgical intensive care units, with unclear optimal therapeutic approaches for primary and secondary MODS.
This review outlines the pathophysiological concepts and therapeutic rationale for managing primary and secondary MODS in multiple trauma patients.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports early resuscitation in high-mortality trauma MODS; leaves open prospective validation of antigenic load reduction strategies.
The multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) represents the number one cause of death in surgical intensive care units. It is divided into a primary and a secondary MODS based on time of manifestation and pathophysiologic events which attribute to it. The therapy of the primary MODS includes sufficient and quick resuscitation, adequate oxygen delivery and early enteral nutrition to reduce or avoid the incidence of bacterial translocation. In addition, a reduction of the "antigenic load" by control of hemorrhage, radical wound debridement, decompression, and fixation of long bone fractures appears to be effective in reducing the occurrence of MODS. The treatment of the secondary MODS remains supportive and its prevention is essential. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical significance of new therapeutic agents such as monoclonal antibodies or cytokine receptor antagonists. Zusammenfassung Das Multiorgan-Dysfuiiktionssyndrom (MODS) stellt mit einer Letalität von 50 % bis 70 % die Haupttodesursache auf chirurgischen Intensivstationen dar. Entsprechend den Ursachen und der zeitlichen Manifestation wird zwischen einem primären und einem sekundären MODS unterschieden. Die Behandlung des primären MODS umfaßt die rasche Schockbekämpfung, die Beseitigung der respiratorischen Insuffizienz und die frühzeitige enterale Ernährung, um die bakterielle Translokation zu reduzieren oder zu vermeiden. Von großer Bedeutung ist die Senkung des ,,Antigenic load" durch rasche Blutstillung, radikales Debridement, Dekompression und Fixation zentraler Frakturen. Da die Behandlung des sekundären MODS bisher nur aus einer supportiven Intensivtherapie besteht, kommt der Prävention des MODS größte Bedeutung zu. Die Wertigkeit von neuen Therapiekonzepten wie der Einsatz von monoklonalen Antikörpern oder Rezeptorantagonisten muß weiter untersucht werden.
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Ertel et al. (1994) conducted a review in Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS). Therapeutic approaches for MODS was evaluated. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome following trauma carries a 50% to 70% mortality rate in surgical intensive care units, requiring early resuscitation and reduction of antigenic load.
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