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Since 1946 authoritative reports have identified smoking as a cause of cancer of the lung and a probable cause of cancer of the larynx. Crown Prince Frederick (later Emperor Frederick III of Prussia and the German Kaiser) was a pipe smoker for at least 30 years before he died of cancer of the larynx in 1888 at the age of 57 years. The evidence is so overwhelming that this author proposes that the Emperor's laryngeal cancer was induced by tobacco.
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R. D. Laurenson (1995) studied this question.
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