Females Display Lower Risk of Myocardial Infarction From Higher Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness Than Males: The Tromsø Study 1994-2014

Figures

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  Figure 1. Restricted cubic spline Fine and Grey regressions of eCRF and risk of MI among females and males: the Tromsø Study 1994-2014. Data are shown as subdistributed hazard ratio (line) with 95% CIs (shaded area), adjusted for education, smoking, diet, alcohol, and study survey; age, waist circumference (ie, adiposity), and physical activity are adjusted by inclusion in the eCRF formulas. Reference of the spline is set to the 10th percentile of the distribution of the group (ie, among females and males separately), and values are shown between the first and 99th percentile of the distribution of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness. Frequency refers to the frequency of observed eCRF. eCRF, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; MI, myocardial infarction.

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  Figure 2. Restricted cubic spline Fine and Grey regressions of eCRF and risk of MI among females and males with (A) hyperlipidemia (n=2965, MI=400); (B) hypertension (n=8290, MI=834); (C) central obesity (n=5784, MI=379); and (D) metabolic syndrome (n=1410, MI=181): the Tromsø Study 1994-2014. Data are shown as subdistributed hazard ratio (line) with 95% CIs (shaded area), adjusted for education, smoking, diet, alcohol, and study survey; age, waist circumference (ie, adiposity), and physical activity are adjusted by inclusion in the eCRF formulas. Reference of the spline is set to the 10th percentile of the distribution of the group (ie, among females and males separately), and values are shown between the first and 99th percentile of the distribution of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness. Frequency refers to the frequency of observed eCRF. eCRF, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; MI, myocardial infarction.

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  Figure 3. Restricted cubic spline Fine and Grey regressions of eCRF and risk of MI among females and males who (A) are smokers (n=3823, MI=372); (B) are physically inactive (n=6255, MI=443); and (C) do not meet any nutritional guideline (n=3463, MI=382): the Tromsø Study 1994-2014. Data are shown as subdistributed hazard ratio (line) with 95% CIs (shaded area), adjusted for education, smoking, diet, alcohol, and study survey; age, waist circumference (ie, adiposity), and physical activity are adjusted by inclusion in the eCRF formulas. Reference of the spline is set to the 10th percentile of the distribution of the group (ie, among females and males separately), and values are shown between the first and 99th percentile of the distribution of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness. Frequency refers to the frequency of observed eCRF. eCRF, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; MI, myocardial infarction.

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  Figure 4. Restricted cubic spline Fine and Grey regressions of eCRF and risk of MI among females and males with (A) 2 or more CVD risk factors (n=9720, MI=857); (B) 3 or more CVD risk factors (n=5359, MI=600; and (C) 4 or more CVD risk factors (n=1982, MI=293): the Tromsø Study 1994-2014. The CVD risk factors included are smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, poor diet, and physical inactivity. Data are shown as subdistributed hazard ratio (line) with 95% CIs (shaded area), adjusted for education, smoking, diet, alcohol, and study survey; age, waist circumference (ie, adiposity), and physical activity are adjusted by inclusion in the eCRF formulas. Reference of the spline is set to the 10th percentile of the distribution of the group (ie, among females and males separately), and values are shown between the first and 99th percentile of the distribution of eCRF. Frequency refers to the frequency of observed eCRF. CVD, cardiovascular disease; eCRF, estimated cardiorespiratory fitness; MI, myocardial infarction.