Simultaneous clinical monitoring of lactic acid, pyruvic acid and ketone bodies in plasma as methoxime/tert‐butyldimethylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode

Simultaneous determination of lactic acid, pyruvic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid for clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in human plasma (20 microL) was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode after generating methoxime/tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. All of the targeted carboxylic acids were detected by characteristic fragment ions, which permitted sensitive and selective identification in the presence of co-extracted free fatty acids and other acidic metabolites at much higher levels. The method was linear (r>or=0.9991), reproducible (% relative standard deviation=1.2-5.8), and accurate (% relative error=-7.2-7.6), with detection limits of 0.05-1.7 ng/mL. This rapid, accurate and selective method using minimal plasma samples (20 microL) is useful in the clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in plasma.