Analysis of Chemical Profiles of Different Pistacia Atlantica Parts at Sulaymaniyah and Halabja Region in Iraq

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The current study estimated the chemical constituents of wild Pistacia atlantica parts.Leaves, fruits, and rachis in spring and autumn were chosen.In addition, the analysis covered the bark and gum of the plant.Between April and October 2020, samples were collected from Sulaymaniyah and Halabja governorates in Kurdistan (Northeastern Iraq).Notably, at various locations, spring leaves contained more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and carbohydrates than autumn leaves.Moreover, Qaradagh autumn fruits contained the highest levels of fixed oil (32.08%).GC analysis of autumn fruit oil showed the concentrations of palmitic acid (11.02-11.69%),stearic acid (2.7-4.2%),oleic acid (44.25-45.39%),linoleic acid (13.11-15.36%)and linolenic acid (0.36-0.77%).Lastly, Qaradagh spring leaves had the highest total phenolic content (307.057mg/g), while Ranya spring leaves had the highest total flavonoid concentration (101.483mg/g).HPLC analysis of Ranya spring leaves revealed that the concentrations of quercetin, rutin, catechin, ferulic acid, and ellagic acid were 168.9 µg/g, 149.7 µg/g 124.5 µg/g, 122.4 µg/g, and 97.4 µg/g, respectively.Phenolic compounds are abundant in Qaradagh spring leaves.As such, further studies are needed to investigate the potential therapeutic uses of bioactive compounds isolated from Qaradagh spring leaves of P. atlantica.