Influence of health resort treatment combined with grape polyphenol concentrate on lipid profile and systemic inflammation markers in patients with asthma during the post-COVID period

Aim. To assess the effect of health resort treatment combined with grape polyphenols on lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation markers in patients with asthma after COVID-19. Materials and methods. Patients with asthma and a history of COVID-19, undergoing health resort treatment at the I. M. Sechenov Research Institute of Health Resort Studies and Physiotherapy (Yalta), were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 48 patients who, in addition to standard health resort therapy, received a grape polyphenol concentrate. Group 2 comprised 45 patients treated exclusively with standard health resort therapy. Before and after treatment, the following assessments were performed: anthropometry (height, weight, body mass index [BMI]), pulse oximetry (SpO2), spirometry with measurement of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), a 6-minute walk test, and blood analyses of C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. Results. In asthma patients with post-COVID who received grape polyphenol concentrate during health resort treatment, significant changes were observed in BMI, lipid profile, and CRP levels. In Group 1, the mean BMI decreased from 29.4 kg/m2 at admission to 29.0 kg/m2 at discharge (p = 0.04). HDL rose from 1.4 to 1.9 mmol/L (p = 0.01). LDL dropped from 3.5 to3.0 mmol/L (p = 0.03), triglycerides from 1.1 to 0.9 mmol/L (p = 0.04), and CRP from 3.8 to 2.9 mg/L (p = 0.01). No significant changes in lipid profile were observed in Group 2. Conclusion. Health resort treatment supplemented by grape polyphenol preparations helps correct lipid imbalance and reduce systemic inflammation in patients with asthma who have recovered from COVID-19.