Key result
Altered metabolic states including sickle cell disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were associated with significantly decreased plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05).
Why the study?
Altered metabolism leads to oxidative stress due to imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense, impacting various health disorders.
Are plasma antioxidant levels decreased in subjects with sickle cell disease, chronic diabetes mellitus, or hypertension compared to healthy controls?
Cross-Sectional (n=230)
Yes
Are plasma antioxidant levels decreased in subjects with sickle cell disease, chronic diabetes mellitus, or hypertension compared to healthy controls?
p-value: p=<0.05
Subjects with sickle cell disease, diabetes, and hypertension exhibit significantly decreased antioxidant vitamins and enzymes compared to healthy controls, indicating increased oxidative stress.
Altered metabolism is associated with several disease states with abnormal chemical reactions in the body.This leads to oxidative stress which is a result of imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defence system.Damage to this system has been provided to play a role in various health disorders.This study evaluated and compared the antioxidant status of subjects with sickle cell disease, chronic diabetes mellitus and hypertension in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria.This is with a view to determine the long time complications of these disorders on the antioxidant compounds, vitamins A, C, E and the enzymes, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase.A total of 230 subjects were used for this study, this comprised of 50 sickle cell disease, 60 chronic diabetes mellitus, 60 chronic hypertensive and 60 apparently healthy control subjects with an average age of 40.15 ± 21.92 years.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used for the estimation of these antioxidant compounds.The result showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) of these antioxidant compounds in plasma of the subjects with these disorders with respect to the normal control subjects.The depletion of the antioxidant compounds is in the order SSD>DM>HTN subjects.Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference (P>0.05) in the results obtained for the three disease states.The depletion has been attributed to oxidative stress associated with the sickling phenomenon in SSD subjects, chronic exposure to hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance in DM subjects and inactivation of the antioxidant compounds as a result of continuous exposure to hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxynitrite and other free radicals in hypertensive subjects.The result of this study implicated an increased oxidative stress in the altered metabolic diseases with a decreased antioxidant vitamins and enzymes with a positive correlation.
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Ezeiruaku et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Sickle cell disease, chronic diabetes mellitus, hypertension (n=230). Altered metabolism (Sickle cell disease, Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension) vs. Apparently healthy control subjects was evaluated on Plasma levels of antioxidant compounds (vitamins A, C, E) and enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase) (p=<0.05). Altered metabolic states including sickle cell disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension were associated with significantly decreased plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05).
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