Key result
Theophylline enhances counterregulatory hormones and triggers sweating at ~0.3 mmol/l higher glucose levels vs placebo.
Why the study?
Iatrogenic hypoglycemias and hypoglycemia unawareness limit glycemic management in type 1 diabetes, and theophylline may improve hypoglycemia awareness pharmacologically.
Does theophylline improve counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia unawareness?
Population
15 type 1 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia unawareness and 15 matched healthy controls
Comparison
Theophylline infusion vs placebo infusion during hypoglycemic clamp
Design
Randomized crossover hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp study
Authors
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Theophylline may restore awareness in T1D hypoglycemia unawareness; extends RCT evidence for counterregulatory enhancement.
RCT (n=30)
random order
Does theophylline improve counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia unawareness?
p-value: p=<0.01
Theophylline improves counterregulatory physiological responses and perception of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia unawareness.
Galan et al. (2002) conducted an RCT in Type 1 diabetes with hypoglycemia unawareness (n=30). Theophylline vs. Placebo was evaluated on Counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia (hormones, symptoms, sweat detection, and cerebral blood flow) (p=<0.01). Theophylline significantly enhanced counterregulatory hormone responses and caused sweat production to start at approximately 0.3 mmol/l higher glucose levels compared with placebo (P<0.01).
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