Acute lupus pneumonitis resembling miliary tuberculosis: A case-based review

Figures

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  Figure 1. Diffuse miliary nodules in both lungs were observed on chest CT.

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  Figure 2. (a) Diffuse miliary nodules were observed in both lungs 14 days after the onset of fever; (b) Patchy shadows in the lower and middle fields of both lungs 31 days after the onset of fever (3 days after empirical treatment; 5 days after admission). (c) After 46 days of treatment, no nodules or shadows were observed in either lung.

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  Figure 3. (a) Two days after admission, chest X-ray showed multiple plaques in both lungs. (b) After 5 months of treatment, no high-density shadows were observed on chest X-ray.

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  Figure 4. Diagnosis and treatment of a case of acute lupus pneumonia. The first day of fever was recorded as D0. WBC: white blood cells, Hb: hemoglobin, PLT: platelet, C3: complement C3, C4: complement C4, T-SPOT: T-lymphocyte culture + interferon assay (A + B), PPD: tuberculin test, ANA: antinuclear antibodies, LA: lupus anticoagulant, anti-ACL: anti-cardiolipin antibodies, ANCA: neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, 24-h-Upro: 24-h urinary protein quantity, SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, ALP: acute lupus pneumonitis, LN: lupus nephritis, IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin, MP: methylprednisolone, HCQ: hydroxychloroquine, MMF: mycophenolate mofetil, i.v.: intravenous injection, po: orally, qd: once a day, bid: twice a day.