The Key Genes Underlying Pathophysiology Correlation Between the Acute Myocardial Infarction and COVID-19

Figure 1. Workflow for the current study. The DEGs for GSE62646 dataset of AMI and GSE164805 dataset of COVID-19 were identified using the GEO2R. Common DEGs of the two diseases was obtained via the “VennDiagram”. GO and KEGG analyses were conducted for all common DEGs by the R programming language. From all common DEGs, a PPI network was created, and hub genes identification and enrichment analysis were performed. TF-miRNA coregulatory network for hub genes were conducted by NetworkAnalyst.

Figure 2. (Left) Volcano plot of the distributions of all DEGs for GSE62646 dataset of AMI, mapping 4035 upregulated genes (red dots) and 3366 downregulated genes (blue dots). |Log2FC|>0 and P-adjusted <0.05 were the cut-off criteria. (Middle) Volcano plot of the distributions of all DEGs for GSE164805 dataset of COVID-19, mapping 6983 upregulated genes (red dots) and 6246 downregulated genes (blue dots). |Log2FC|>1 and P-adjusted <0.05 were the cut-off criteria. (Right) Venn diagram. The two datasets for AMI and COVID-19 showed an overlap of 2529 common DEGs.

Figure 3. (Left) Partial visualization of GO enrichment analysis for all common DEGs. (Right) Partial visualization of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for all common DEGs.

Figure 4. Identification of hub genes from the PPIs network of all common DEGs. The 30 highlighted hub genes based on the degree topological algorithm are RAC1, CUL1, BTRC, NHP2L1, MAGOH, ANAPC10, PLK1, SRSF1, ALYREF, SNRPE, RHOA, FBXW5, SRSF7, SNRPF, SF3B1, FBXL3, CPSF2, SNRPD3, SNRPD1, SNW1, PIK3R1, VAMP8, KBTBD7, HIST1H2BL, KLHL20, FBXO2, KBTBD13, FBXL13, ASB18 and FBXO11. The PPI network contains 442 nodes and 4951 edges.

Figure 5. (Left) Partial visualization of GO enrichment analysis for hub genes. (Right) Partial visualization of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for hub genes.

Figure 6. (Left) Partial visualization of interrelations between BP terms and hub genes. (Middle) Partial visualization of interrelations between CC terms and hub genes. (Right) Partial visualization of interrelations between MF terms and hub genes.

Figure 7. The TF-miRNA coregulatory network. The network constitutes of 473 nodes and 766 edges, including 28 hub genes. The nodes in red or orange are the hub genes, a blue node represents miRNA and purple nodes indicate TF genes.