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Abstract 13C chemical shifts of biphenyl and fluorenyl derivatives have been used to estimate interplanar angles (0) for biphenyls in solution. Values of 0 for biphenyls with no ortho substituents lie in the range 26 +plusmn; 5°, which agree well with estimates using other techniques. The method also gave excellent agreement for ortho‐substituted derivatives. The value of 0 for 2,2′‐dimethylbiphenyl was calculated at 73°, close to values obtained from UV spectroscopy and adsorption studies.
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R.M.G. Roberts (1985) studied this question.
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