Key result
Metagenomic sequencing identifies a novel porcine enterovirus G in two piglets with diarrhea.
Why the study?
Identification of unknown pathogens in pigs with enteric illness is difficult due to the large diversity of bacterial and viral species in faecal samples and limitations of current methods.
Case Report (n=2)
Metagenomic sequencing identified a novel porcine enterovirus G containing a papain-like cysteine protease in piglets with enteric disease in the USA.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
mNGS aids broad pathogen detection in porcine diarrhoea; leaves open validation for routine veterinary diagnostics.
Identification of unknown pathogens in pigs displaying enteric illness is difficult due to the large diversity of bacterial and viral species found within faecal samples. Current methods often require bacterial or viral isolation, or testing only a limited number of known species using quantitative PCR analysis. Herein, faeces from two 25-day-old piglets with diarrhoea from Texas, USA, were analysed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing to rapidly identify possible pathogens. Our analysis included a bioinformatics pipeline of rapid short-read classification and de novo genome assembly which resulted in the identification of a porcine enterovirus G (EV-G), a complete genome with substantial nucleotide differences (>30 %) among current sequences, and a novel non-structural protein similar in sequence to the Torovirus papain-like cysteine protease (PLpro). This discovery led to the identification and circulation of an EV-G with a novel PLpro in the USA that has not been previously reported.
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Knutson et al. (2017) conducted a case report in Enteric illness / diarrhoea (n=2). Metagenomic next-generation sequencing was evaluated on Identification of pathogens. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of faeces from two piglets with diarrhoea identified a novel porcine enterovirus G containing a papain-like cysteine protease not previously reported in the USA.
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