What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the occurrence, distribution, and carcinogenic risks of nine N-nitrosamines in centralized drinking water systems compared to private wells in rural karst regions.

August 30, 2026Water Research XOpen Access

Evaluation of centralized drinking water supply systems for reducing N-nitrosamine-associated carcinogenic risks in karst regions

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Authors

CMChengyou MaJilin University HHHuanfang HuangSouth China Institute Of Environmental Sciences MHMinmin HuangFujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

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Implication

Cross-sectional environmental evaluation reveals reduced N-nitrosamine carcinogenic risk from centralized water supplies in rural karst regions, highlighting disinfectant optimization.

Key Points

To evaluate the occurrence, distribution, and carcinogenic risks of nine N-nitrosamines in centralized drinking water systems compared to private wells in rural karst regions.
Monitored nine N-nitrosamines across 52 rural sites in Southwest China comparing source water, finished centralized water, and private wells.
Quantified concentration levels and modeled estimated lifetime carcinogenic risks.
Conducted process-level analyses to evaluate the influence of source-water characteristics and disinfection types (chloramine vs. free chlorine).
Total N-nitrosamine concentrations ranged from 3.5–16.1 ng/L in source water and 3.5–40.8 ng/L in finished drinking water, with NDMA and NPYR being the dominant species.
Centralized tap water showed significantly lower median N-nitrosamine concentrations and reduced estimated lifetime carcinogenic risks compared with private wells.
Chloramine disinfection correlated with elevated N-nitrosamine levels, whereas free chlorine disinfection using calcium hypochlorite did not cause significant increases.

Cite This Study

Ma et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6aadd5aea081e442804f62a0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2026.100609

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Implication

Cross-sectional environmental evaluation reveals reduced N-nitrosamine carcinogenic risk from centralized water supplies in rural karst regions, highlighting disinfectant optimization.

Evaluation of centralized drinking water supply systems for reducing N-nitrosamine-associated carcinogenic risks in karst regions

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

Evaluation of centralized drinking water supply systems for reducing N-nitrosamine-associated carcinogenic risks in karst regions

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Cite This Study

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