Artificial Intelligence in Hematology

‘Artificial Intelligence’ is a general term to designate computer technologies for solving the problems that require implementation of human intelligence, for example, human voice or image recognition. Most artificial intelligence products with application in healthcare are associated with machine learning, i.e., a field of informatics and statistics dealing with the generation of predictive or descriptive models through data-based learning, rather than programming of strict rules. Machine learning has been widely used in pathomorphology, radiology, genomics, and electronic medical record data analysis. In line with the current trend, artificial intelligence technologies will most likely become increasingly integrated into health research and practice, including hematology. Thus, artificial intelligence and machine learning call for attention and understanding on the part of researchers and clinical physicians. The present review covers important terms and basic concepts of these technologies, as well as offers examples of their actual use in hematological research and practice.