Crystal-structural features of pretransition phenomena and thermoelastic martensitic transformations in alloys of nonferrous metals

The unusual and practically important phenomena and physical properties that are caused by reversible martensitic transformations occurring mainly in alloys and compounds of nonferrous metals have been analyzed. The main types of martensitic transformations, their crystal-geometrical features and structure-morphological characteristics, the nature and structural mechanisms of reversibility, and the phenomenon of thermoelasticity have been considered. Structural mechanisms of atomic rearrangements upon martensitic transformations have been discussed, and premartensitic phenomena and their relation to martensitic transformations have been analyzed.