Updated Insights into Epilepsy Mechanism and Treatment

Epilepsy is the most prevalent, persistent, and deadly kind of neurological disorder. affecting 65 million individuals globally. To update the current understanding about its pathophysiological processes, diagnosis, classification criteria, and treatment targets, this review summarized the most updated advances accordingly. The pathogenesis of epilepsy can be the abnormal glial cells, glutamate metabolism, or injury of blood-brain barrier. The current epilepsy classification system was introduced in 2017 by ILEA. It has three levels of classification, starting with classification of seizure type and may be followed by further classification as an Epilepsy type with sufficient imaging evidence, and even further classified as an Epilepsy Syndrome with sufficient imaging evidence combined with the patient’s background information. Classification may stop at any level depending on the resources available. All in all, this review updated the most recent advanced findings about epilepsy to promote further research works.