Clinical Presentation and Bacteriological Profile of Icu Admitted Patients With Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar

Objectives: To determine bacteriological profile of ICU admitted patients with ventilator associated pneumonia.Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to April 2020 at department of Medical ICU. A total of 172 patients were observed for clinical presentation and bacteriological profile in ventilator associated pneumonia. Data were presented in form of frequency and percentages.The p-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.Results: Out of 172 patients, 24 (13.71%) and 18 (10.2%) were having Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HTN), respectively. Patients who received mechanical ventilation for 0-5 days had a relatively low recovery rate of 8.8%, with the majority (91%) unfortunately expiring. In the 6–10-day category, there was a slightly higher recovery rate of 14.8%, but still, the majority (85%) of patients did not survive. Patients with >16 days of ventilation, show higher recovery rate (35.2%). The highest number of bacteria was isolated from the patients with 0-5 day’s ventilation while there was a lowest growth of bacteria in 6-10 days ventilated patients. In antibiotics susceptibility, there are variations in antibiotic eff ectiveness across different bacterial strains and antibiotics. Fosfomycin and Tigecycline show highest eff ect against all bacteria except Acinobacter baumannii while Colistin was effective against all the bacteria except Pseudomonas.Conclusion: Patients on mechanical ventilation had lower chances of recovery in the early days, but those who were ventilated longer showed better outcomes. Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension were common comorbidities. Bacterial growth was highest in the early days of ventilation. Antibiotics like Fosfomycin and Tigecycline show highest eff ect against all bacteria except Acinobacter baumannii whereas Colistin was also eff ective against all, except for Pseudomonas.