Accelerating Cervical Cancer Prevention in Rwanda: a Two-Year Impact Assessment of an Integrated Policy Intervention

Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Rwanda. While HPV vaccination coverage is high, cervical cancer screening rates in 2023 were critically low at 18%, far below the WHO target of 70%. In response, Rwanda implemented a multi-component policy intervention. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation fidelity, early impact, and operational lessons from the nationwide scale-up of an integrated policy package designed to increase cervical cancer screening coverage in Rwanda.