Corylin alleviated lung injury and inflammatory response in a rat venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation model

Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is an essential life-saving technology used to treat refractory cardiopulmonary failure, commonly utilized in cases of cardiogenic shock, postoperative circulatory assistance, and resuscitation after cardiac arrest. While improving circulation and oxygenation, VA-ECMO often triggers a significant systemic inflammatory response, which can result in secondary lung damage and negatively impact patient outcomes. Corylin, a flavonoid found in the traditional Chinese herb Psoralea corylifolia, has shown properties that reduce inflammation and protect tissues. However, it’s possible protective effect against lung injury during VA-ECMO has not yet been investigated. Methods Thirty rats were randomly assigned to the sham group, the ECMO group, and the ECMO + Corylin group. A VA-ECMO model was established and maintained for three hours. Lung tissue and blood samples were collected and further evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and transcriptomic analysis. Results During VA-ECMO, we observed lung injury characterized by neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, along with elevated lung injury biomarkers, including soluble advanced glycation end-product receptors and pulmonary surfactant protein D. We also found increased serum expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. Following corylin administration, reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in lung tissue was observed, along with decreased levels of the aforementioned biomarkers. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a downregulation trend in inflammatory response-related genes. Conclusions Corylin mitigates lung injury and inflammatory responses, potentially reducing pulmonary complications during VA-ECMO support.