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This study reports the experimental observation and analysis of self-biased magnetoelectric (ME) effect in three-phase laminates. The 2–2 L-T mode laminates were fabricated by attaching nickel (Ni) plates and ME particulate composite plates having 3–0 connectivity with 0.948Na0.5K0.5NbO3–0.052LiSbO3 (NKNLS) matrix and Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NZF) dispersant. The presence of two types of ferromagnetic materials, Ni and NZF, results in built-in magnetic bias due to difference in their magnetic susceptibilities and coercivity. This built-in bias (Hbias) provides finite ME effect at zero applied magnetic dc field. The ME response of bending mode trilayer laminate NKNLS-NZF/Ni/NKNLS-NZF in off-resonance and on-resonance conditions was shown to be mathematical combination of the trilayers with configuration NKNLS-NZF/Ni/NKNLS-NZF and NKNLS/Ni/NKNLS representing contributions from magnetic interaction and bending strain.
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Yang et al. (2010) studied this question.
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