The paper describes a new method for detecting and locating leaks in long pipelines, based on an extended Kalman filter for the nonlinear Distributed Parameter (DP) system representing gas flow in pipes. Artificial leak states at predefined positions along the pipeline are included in the filter model, and relationships to estimate the actual leak position are derived. Simulation results are presented to assess the method.
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Benkherouf et al. (1988) studied this question.