Key result
Hypertension is linked to ~145% higher risk of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients.
Why the study?
The prevalence of end-stage renal disease is increasing alongside chronic kidney disease, necessitating assessment of microalbuminuria prevalence and risk factors in diabetic and hypertensive patients.
Cross-Sectional (n=1,453)
Yes
Odds Ratio: 2.45 (95% CI 1.64–3.65)
p-value: p=<0.001
In patients aged over 40 with diabetes and/or hypertension, microalbuminuria prevalence was 12.0% and was independently associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and HbA1c.
Supports albuminuria assessment in diabetes/hypertension; leaves open need for prospective validation of risk factors.
Background: The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is uprising in the paralleled with the increase of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to assess the value of macroalbuminuric of kidney disease in diabetic and/or hypertensive patients and the risk factors associated with microalbuminuric. Methods: A total of 3986 patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged 40 years and over was investigated by randomized cluster sampling in the Zhengzhou community and 1453 participants were analyzed in this study. The clinical data were investigated, including the urinary albumin–to-creatinine ratio (ACR), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, glycated hemoglobin of HbAlc, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma, and serum creatinine. The ACR was applied to designate albuminuric. The prevalence of macroalbuminuric was calculated and the risk factors associated with macroalbuminuric were evaluated by stepwise logistic regression. Results: These comprised 612 males and 841 females and the mean age of all patients was 60.6±9.3 years. The prevalence of microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric was 12.0%, 1.6%, respectively. The prevalence of microalbuminuric in patients with diabetes, hypertension and both diabetes and hypertension were 8.4%, 9.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In subjects with both diabetes and hypertension, the prevalence of microalbuminuric, macroalbuminuric were significantly higher than those who had diabetes or hypertension only. Logistic regression analysis showed microalbuminuric to be significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.36-2.72; P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.28; P = 0.038), HbA1c (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.64-3.26; P < 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.18-2.71; P = 0.006) and hypertension (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.64-3.65; P < 0.001) were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not. Conclusion: The prevalence of microalbuminuric observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged over 40 reached up to 12.0% in the Zhengzhou community. Microalbuminuric was strongly associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c. Fasting plasma glucose and hypertension were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not.
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Shen et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Diabetes Mellitus and/or Hypertension (n=1,453). Hypertension vs. Without hypertension was evaluated on Microalbuminuria (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.64-3.65, p=<0.001). Hypertension was a significant independent risk factor for microalbuminuria in diabetic patients (OR 2.45).
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