Key result
Essential hypertension is linked to ~118% higher serum homocysteine, correlating strongly with blood pressure.
Why the study?
The association of hypertension with raised serum homocysteine levels was studied to understand its potential as an early marker for hypertension assessment.
Are serum homocysteine levels associated with hypertension in adults aged 35-55 years?
Cross-Sectional (n=400)
No
Are serum homocysteine levels associated with hypertension in adults aged 35-55 years?
Effect estimate: r=0.804 (correlation with systolic BP)
Absolute Event Rate: 20.64% vs 9.48%
p-value: p=<0.001
Serum homocysteine levels are significantly elevated in hypertensive patients and strongly correlate with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Supports homocysteine-hypertension association in middle-aged adults; leaves open causality and need for prospective trials.
Objective: To study the association of hypertension with raised serum homocysteine levels. Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College Rawalpindi in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Mar to May 2021. Methodology: Total study participants were four hundred in number. Two hundred patients with hypertension aged between 35-55 years were included in Group-1, whereas two hundred non-hypertensive patients with the closest possible age and sex matching were included in Group-2. Strict adherence to inclusion and exclusion criteria was ensured. Results: The mean age of patients with hypertension (Group 1) was 42.60 ± 9.95 years, and without hypertension, i.e., healthy participants (Group 2), was 42.26 ± 10.03 years. Systolic BP was 157.92 ± 8.07 mmHg among Group 1 (hypertensive subjects) and 114.60 ± 4.58 mmHg among Group 2 (healthy participants). Mean diastolic blood pressure in patients with hypertension (Group 1) was 104.95 ± 5.87 mmHg, whereas it was 74.20 ± 4.74 mmHg among non-hypertensive healthy participants (Group 2). Mean serum homocysteine level was significantly correlated with hypertension (p-value <0.001, r=0.804 for systolic and p-value <0.001, r=0.792 for diastolic blood pressure) and was higher in Group 1(20.64 ± 4.40 µmol/L) than that of healthy Group 2(9.48 ± 2.38 µmol/L). Conclusion: Our study concludes that serum homocysteine had a significant positive correlation with hypertension and can be used as an early marker for hypertension assessment in addition to regular blood pressure measurements.
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Ikram et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Hypertension (n=400). Hypertension vs. Healthy participants was evaluated on Mean serum homocysteine level (r=0.804 (correlation with systolic BP), p=<0.001). Patients with essential hypertension had significantly higher mean serum homocysteine levels compared to healthy controls (20.64 vs 9.48 µmol/L), demonstrating a strong positive correlation with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
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