Key result
Acute pulmonary hypertension expands tricuspid annular area by ~12% and alters 3D geometry in sheep.
Why the study?
The effect of acute pulmonary hypertension on three-dimensional tricuspid annular dynamics and shape is unknown, limiting understanding for improved surgical repair techniques.
Does acute pulmonary hypertension alter tricuspid annular dynamics and shape in an ovine model?
Does acute pulmonary hypertension alter tricuspid annular dynamics and shape in an ovine model?
Absolute Event Rate: 721% vs 641%
p-value: p=0.037
Acute pulmonary hypertension causes significant tricuspid annular dilatation and alters its 3D geometry in an ovine model, providing insights for designing pathology-specific tricuspid annuloplasty rings.
Acute PHT alters ovine tricuspid annular area, perimeter and anterior contractility; leaves open pathology-specific ring design for human repair.
OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is associated with tricuspid annular dilatation, but the effect of acute increase of pulmonary pressure on three-dimensional (3D) tricuspid annular dynamics and shape is unknown. Better understanding of tricuspid annular dynamics may lead to improved and more durable surgical reparative techniques. METHODS: In nine open-chest anaesthetized sheep nine sonomicrometry crystals were implanted on the right ventricle while on cardiopulmonary bypass. Additional nine crystals were implanted around the tricuspid annulus (TA) with one crystal at each commissure defining three separate annular regions: anterior, posterior and septal. Two additional equidistant crystals were implanted between each commissure, creating three segments for every region. Pressure transducers were placed in the left ventricular (LV), right ventricular (RV) and right atrium. PHT was induced by acute pulmonary artery constriction with a pneumatic occluder. Sonomicrometry and echocardiographic data were collected before and after induction of PHT. TA area, regional and total perimeter, and 3D annular geometry were calculated from 3D crystal coordinates. Regional annular contraction was defined as the percentage difference between maximal and minimal region length during the cardiac cycle. RESULTS: PHT increased RV pressure from 31 ± 9 mmHg to 46 ± 13 mmHg (P = 0.001) and decreased left ventricular (LV) pressure from 111 ± 24 mmHg to 78 ± 36 mmHg (P = 0.018). There was no significant tricuspid regurgitation observed with PHT. During PHT, the TA area increased by 12 ± 13% from 641 ± 139 mm(2) to 721 ± 177 mm(2) (P = 0.037). The total perimeter increased from 103 ± 11 mm to 109 ± 13 mm (P = 0.02). All annular regions dilated significantly with PHT with 8 ± 10, 5 ± 5 and 5 ± 5% increase in anterior, posterior and septal annular length, respectively (P < 0.05). PHT reduced regional annular contraction in the anterior region only (17 ± 7 vs 14 ± 8%; P = 0.02). The TA had a complex 3D saddle geometry and the shape of the annulus was altered during PHT only in the antero-posterior region. CONCLUSIONS: The changes in tricuspid annular conformation, contractility and its 3D geometry observed during acute ovine PHT may help in the design of new pathology-specific tricuspid annular rings.
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Malinowski et al. (2015) studied Pulmonary hypertension (n=9). Acute pulmonary artery constriction vs. Baseline (before induction of pulmonary hypertension) was evaluated on Tricuspid annular area (p=0.037). Acute induction of pulmonary hypertension in sheep significantly increased tricuspid annular area from 641 to 721 mm2 (P=0.037) and altered its 3D geometry in the antero-posterior region.
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