Key result
Male gender is associated with ~62% higher odds of ≥2 clustered CVD risk factors.
Why the study?
The prevalence and clustering of major cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural Nigerian population were not well characterized despite a rising trend in CVD risk factors nationally.
Cross-Sectional (n=500)
No
Odds Ratio: 1.62 (95% CI 1.34–1.97)
Absolute Event Rate: 42.1% vs 31.4%
p-value: p=<0.001
A high proportion (38.2%) of adults in a rural Nigerian community have clustering of two or more cardiovascular risk factors, highlighting the need for integrated prevention strategies.
Supports integrated CVD prevention planning in rural Nigeria; cross-sectional data leaves open causal links and intervention effects.
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is responsible for one third of global deaths and is the leading contributor to global disease burden. A non-communicable disease survey done in Nigeria helped determine the prevalence of major CVD risk factors in the country and showed a rising trend in the prevalence. This study aims to determine the proportion of adults in a rural farming community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria with clustering of the following CVD risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricaemia, ECG-LVH, smoking, heavy alcohol consumption and physical inactivity.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out in a rural farming community in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Stratified sampling method was used to recruit study subjects aged 18 years and above and a total of 500 subjects completed the survey. Socio-demographic information, anthropometric, blood pressure and ECG measurements were obtained. Venous samples were collected and analyzed.Results: Five hundred subjects participated. There were 156 males and 344 females with male to female ratio of 1:2.3. The overall mean age was 41.32±17.0 with range of 18 years to 95 years. The mean age for males was 42.84±17.8 and females 40.62±16.6. Overall, 38.2%, of subjects had 2 or more risk factors. Additionally, 42.1% of males and 31.4% of females had ≥2 of these risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression showed higher clustering of risk factors with increasing age, male gender, Government staff and higher educational attainment.Conclusions: Clustering of CVD risk factors is high in this rural community of Nigeria and requires integrated approach to its prevention, detection and treatment.
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Alikor et al. (2018) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiovascular disease risk factors (n=500). Male gender vs. Female gender was evaluated on Clustering of ≥2 cardiovascular disease risk factors (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.34-1.97, p=<0.001). In a rural Nigerian community, male gender was significantly associated with a higher probability of clustering of two or more cardiovascular disease risk factors compared to females (OR 1.62).
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