Locating faults in parallel transmission lines under availability of complete measurements at one end

Fault location in parallel transmission lines with availability of complete measurements from one end of the lines is considered. Generalised models of fault loops and faults are used for formulation of the fault location algorithm. The derived algorithm has a very simple first-order formula and does not require knowledge of impedances of the equivalent systems behind the line terminals as well as use of pre-fault measurements. Application of the fault location algorithm to impedance measurement of the adaptive distance protection is considered. An issue of improving the fault location accuracy by compensating for shunt capacitances of the lines is addressed. Results of the evaluation with use of ATP–EMTP simulations are reported and discussed.