The costs of small drinking water systems removing arsenic from groundwater

Research Article| December 04 2014 The costs of small drinking water systems removing arsenic from groundwater Thomas J. Sorg; Thomas J. Sorg 1US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA E-mail: sorg.thomas@epa.gov Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Lili Wang; Lili Wang 2US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Abraham S. C. Chen Abraham S. C. Chen 3ALSA Tech, LLC, Powell 43065, Ohio, USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2015) 64 (3): 219–234. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.044 Article history Received: April 03 2014 Accepted: October 24 2014 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation Thomas J. Sorg, Lili Wang, Abraham S. C. Chen; The costs of small drinking water systems removing arsenic from groundwater. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 May 2015; 64 (3): 219–234. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2014.044 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) conducted an Arsenic Demonstration Program whereby the Agency purchased, installed, and evaluated the performance and cost of 50 small water arsenic removal treatment systems in the USA. A major goal of the program was to collect high-quality cost data (capital and operational and maintenance (O&M)) from the long-term operation (1–4 years) of these systems. The technologies consisted of adsorptive media (AM), iron removal (IR), coagulation/filtration (C/F), ion exchange (IX), reverse osmosis, and point-of-use devices, which reduced the arsenic to less than the EPA maximum contaminant level of 10 μg/L. This paper presents the capital and O&M cost of 48 treatment systems ranging in size from 10 to 770 gal/min (gpm) (38–2,915 L/min). The capital cost of the systems ranged from $477 to $6,171 per gpm ($126–$1,632 per L/min) of design flow and the O&M cost from $0.07 to $22.88 per 1,000 gal ($0.02–$6.05 per 1,000 L) of treated water. AM had a lower capital, but a higher O&M cost than IR, C/F, and IX. The media replacement cost for the AM systems averaged 80% of the O&M cost and was the main cause of the higher O&M cost of the AM systems. arsenic, drinking water, technology demonstration, treatment cost © US Environmental Protection Agency 2015 You do not currently have access to this content.