Complications In Gallbladder Surgery: Laparotomy Vs. Laparoscopy, A Comparative Review

Gallbladder disease is a condition that affects nearly 20% of adults in the United States.Roughly 20% of them will develop symptoms throughout their lives; the risk of cholecystitis increases with age and sex, being females in a higher-risk population with a female-to-male ratio of 4:1.An early cholecystectomy is the best choice to treat gallbladder disease.However, it is imperative to determine the best surgical approach based on the risks and benefits for the patient.This comparative review addresses the clinical relevance of gallbladder surgery by examining the diverse indications considering factors such as the severity of the condition, patient preferences, and surgeon experience.The choice between procedures has significant implications for patient outcomes, recovery time, healthcare costs, and sustainability.Robust evidence supports laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to its efficacy and lower risk for the patient.The purpose of this article is to review the current and most relevant concepts in comparing laparoscopic versus open gallbladder surgery, its indications, technique, and complications.