Anti-Diabetic Plants Used in Cameroon with a Potential of Endogenous Renewal Pancreatic ß-Cells Important in the Management of Diabetes

Type 1-diabetes is the result of pancreatic β cells autoimmune destruction, whereas Type 2-diabetes is the result of the mixture of insulin resistance and inadequate insulin excretion. Thus, for both diabetes types, the functional mass of β cells is not enough for the control of blood glucose. These two pathologies touch approximately 200 million people worldwide today. Type 2-diabetes is globally a huge economic problem. According to the International Diabetes Foundation 382 million people were diagnosed with diabetes in 2013 and this number is expected to increase to 592 million by 2035. Beta-cell regeneration is a natural procedure that produces new beta cells, which synthesize and discharge insulin in the pancreas. Users of plants like local therapists are interest in taking advantage of these mechanisms to select plants species for preventing, treating or curing diabetes. Objective and methods: The purpose of the present article is to identify from medicinal plant species published by Cameroonians those with the potential to renew the pancreatic ß-cells mass, through bibliographic research in Google, PubMed, Google Scholar databases. Results: Over 210 plants are reported to have antidiabetic effects in Cameroon. About 12 plants among them have been confirmed as antidiabetic plants. Among other plants used for the treatment of diverse diseases 6 have beta cells regeneration activity. However, few clinical trials haveevaluated the effectiveness and safety of these plants. Many studies have shown that 9 plants presented pancreatic beta cells regeneration outcomes. Amongst them, Bidens pilosa exerted antidiabetic action via the regulation of β-cell function. Annona muricata have reduced oxidative stress of pancreatic β-cells of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats by increasing the β-cells number. Alcoholic extracts of whole Catharanthus roseusplant has been released diabetes through β cell regeneration. Conclusion: Modern clinical evaluations of recorded ethnopharmacological medicine will be investigated to estimate their efficacy and safety in humans and then use them to prepare herbal medicines worldwide.