The Role of Chalcone Derivatives as Potential Antioxidant Additive for Biofuel Applications: A Critical Review

The world's energy demands have been rising to unprecedented levels due to the depletion of fossil resources and concerns about global warming. A potential remedy to these challenges is to investigate alternative bioenergy sources while also increasing the efficiency of existing biofuels. Biofuels are renewable energy sources since they are biodegradable fuels made from biomass. Notwithstanding the positive aspects of biofuels, their use can lead to issues such as poor oxidation, inherent stability, and limited energy supply, significantly impacting biofuel consumption, emissions, and energy efficiency. Small molecules, such as chalcone analogs, are good options for additive applications because they are versatile, easy to synthesize, inexpensive, integral materials across various applications, and provide energy for critical chemical reactions. Compounds with potential characteristics such as antioxidant activity and considerable energy availability are eligible to be used as fuel additives. The abundance of antioxidant properties of chalcone molecules is the most significant consideration in their use as additives for biofuels. Antioxidant additives offer numerous benefits, including the reduction of NOx emissions. The current review delves into the synthesis methods and performance of the chalcone molecule as an additive, including comprehensive information on antioxidant mechanisms, oxidation stability studies, antioxidant additives, and energy availability.