Management of retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare tumor with an incidence of 2.5 per million individuals. Early diagnosis is difficult as there is an absence of specific clinical presentations. The present case study reports a patient diagnosed with retroperitoneal liposarcoma who was treated by complete surgical resection and relapsed 3 months following the surgery. In addition, the clinical data of 14 patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma were reviewed and analyzed. The mean age of the 14 patients at presentation was 54.1 (range, 36-73 years) and 5/14 patients experienced recurrence, ranging between 1 and 10 times. Of the 12 cases that reported histological subtypes, 7 were well-differentiated liposarcoma, 2 were dedifferentiated liposarcoma, 2 were myxoid liposarcoma and 1 was mixed subtype. All the patients underwent complete resection and 5 received combined multiple organs resection (3 nephrectomy, 1 sigmoid colon and 1 multiple visceral organs). However, no patients received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In conclusion, retroperitoneal liposarcoma is a rare disease with a high rate of recurrence. Complete resection is the predominant treatment and combined resection of adjacent organs is occasionally necessary.