Key result
Among 352 diarrheal piglets in Sichuan Province, the positivity rates were 42.33% for PCV2 and 50.28% for PEDV, with a co-infection rate of 27.56% and predominant strains identified as PCV2d and PEDV G2a.
Why the study?
Recent studies on the epidemiology and genetic diversity of PCV2 and PEDV within Sichuan Province were limited despite their significant impact on the swine industry.
Cross-Sectional (n=352)
Yes
PCV2d and PEDV G2a are the predominant strains in Sichuan Province, with high co-infection rates and mutations at antigenic sites, highlighting the need for updated vaccines.
High regional prevalence with PCV2d/PEDV G2a dominance and antigenic mutations supports targeted surveillance; leaves open vaccine updates pending controlled trials.
Introduction: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) are highly prevalent in Sichuan, significantly affecting the swine industry's development. PCV2, known for its immunosuppressive effects, can compromise pigs' immune systems, while PEDV typically causes diarrhea in piglets, leading to high mortality rates. Despite their impact, recent studies on the epidemiology and genetic diversity of PCV2 and PEDV within Sichuan Province remain limited. Methods: This study examines clinical samples from 352 diarrheal piglets across 63 pig farms in 17 regions of Sichuan Province, revealing positivity rates of 42.33% (149/352) for PCV2 and 50.28% (177/352) for PEDV, with a co-infection rate of 27.56% (97/352). Notably, the highest positivity rates were observed in Ziyang for PCV2 at 61.90% (13/21), and in Meishan for PEDV at 73.81% (31/42), both regions also reported the highest co-infection rates of 47.62%. Results and discussion: Seasonal analysis indicated that PEDV infections peaked during winter, whereas PCV2 showed no significant seasonal trends. Phylogenetic analysis identified 14 PCV2 strains, categorizing 2 as PCV2b (14.29%), 10 as PCV2d (71.43%), and 2 as PCV2e (14.29%). Among the 16 PEDV strains, 2 were classified as G1a (12.5%) and 14 as G2a (87.5%), with PCV2d and PEDV G2a identified as the predominant strains in the region. The study also highlights a high mutation rate at the antigenic sites of both viruses, potentially affecting vaccine efficacy. These findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance and vaccine development tailored to the prevalent strains to improve control measures within the province.
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Wu et al. (2024) conducted a cross-sectional in Porcine epidemic diarrhea and porcine circovirus infection (n=352). PCV2 and PEDV infection was evaluated on Positivity rates for PCV2 and PEDV. Among 352 diarrheal piglets in Sichuan Province, the positivity rates were 42.33% for PCV2 and 50.28% for PEDV, with a co-infection rate of 27.56% and predominant strains identified as PCV2d and PEDV G2a.
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