Key result
NAFLD linked to ~101% higher prevalence of CAD.
Why the study?
The relationship between the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary artery disease was not well established.
Is the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography?
Cross-Sectional (n=296)
No
Is the presence and severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography?
Odds Ratio: 2.009 (95% CI 1.1–3.669)
The presence and severity of NAFLD are independently associated with the extent of coronary artery disease, suggesting NAFLD may serve as a marker for advanced coronary atherosclerosis.
Background and Aim Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in NAFLD patients. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between the presence and severity of NAFLD and coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted on 296 patients (122 men and 174 women, with mean age 54.10 ± 9.33 years) referred to the catheterization laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital affiliated to the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, for elective coronary angiography to investigate the presence and severity of CAD. Additionally, all patients underwent abdominal ultrasonography (USG) to detect NAFLD and its severity. Results Among the 296 patients, 187 (63.2%) had CAD and 160 (50.1%) had NAFLD. NAFLD patients had significantly higher prevalence of obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 1.047, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.002–1.094), hypertension (OR = 1.909, 95% CI = 1.027–3.55), hyperlipidemia (OR = 3.474, 95% CI = 1.862–6.482), and CAD (OR = 2.009, 95% CI = 1.100–3.669). The percentage of patients with normal vessels was higher in the non‐NAFLD group, followed by the group with mild and severe NAFLD (P < 0.001). However, single‐ and multi‐vessel disease incidences among the non‐NAFLD, mild, and severe NAFLD groups were 36.1, 43.1, and 63.7%, respectively. Interestingly, the percentage of patients with two‐vessel stenosis was significantly higher in severe NAFLD patients than mild and non‐NAFLD patients (P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence and severity of NAFLD were independently associated with CAD. Mild NAFLD was primarily observed among patients with normal and non‐obstructive coronary artery patients, while severe NAFLD was more frequent in extensive CAD patients with multi‐vessel disease.
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Gholoobi et al. (2022) conducted a cross-sectional in Coronary artery disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n=296). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) vs. Absence of NAFLD was evaluated on Presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR 2.009, 95% CI 1.100-3.669). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (OR 2.009; 95% CI 1.100-3.669).
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