Liquid Height Effect on Sonochemical Reactions in a 35 kHz Sonoreactor

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

In order to investigate the effect of liquid height based on the wavelength of ultrasound for sonochemical reactions, various liquid heights and input powers were applied in a large-scale 35 kHz sonoreactor. For the liquid height of 1 λ to 6 λ, 5 λ was determined as the optimum level for all applied input powers of 30, 60, and 90 W. The results revealed that liquid height should be above a certain level in order to optimize both sonochemical efficiency and conversion efficiency. Moreover, the enhancement of applying a higher input power was reducing as the liquid height increased and there was no significant difference of conversion efficiency at optimal liquid height due to a larger attenuation for a higher input power. To understand further the effect of the water level, the liquid height was adjusted by quarter of a wavelength from the liquid height of 1 L. Consequently, a small change of liquid height resulted in a significant difference for both sonochemical efficiency and conversion efficiency. A peak value for each change of the liquid height by half a wavelength was also observed.