Biochemical evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of celecoxib and caffeine in a formalin pain model in rats

Introduction. Inflammation is a reaction of living tissue on injury. Nowadays there is a wide spectrum of anti-inflammatory medications that are used for the treatment of many problems. But because their application is associated with a wide range of side effects, there is a need for the development of new pharmaceutical compositions to maximise patient safety. Aim. To carry out biochemical evaluation of anti-inflammatory action of celecoxib in combination with caffeine on the biochemical markers of inflammation (sialic acids and ceruloplasmin) and to determine its anti-exudative action on formalin-induced paw edema in rats. Materials and Methods. The study involved male Wistar Albino Glaxo (WAG) line rats, divided into six treatment groups: control, formalin-induced, celecoxib (5 mg/kg), caffeine (0.6 mg/kg), a combination of celecoxib and caffeine (5 mg and 0.6 mg/kg), and diclofenac sodium (8 mg/kg). Biochemical studies were carried out by using the blood serum samples of white laboratory rats (WAG line). Anti-inflammatory activity of celecoxib and its pharmaceutical composition with caffeine was studied using the formalin-induced paw edema model. The animals were divided into the same groups as in the Anti-Exudative Activity (AEA) study. Results. It was shown, that composition of celecoxib and caffeine exerted higher anti-inflammatory activity versus celecoxib and it is efficient in relation to the exudation processes. Biochemical studies of celecoxib, caffeine and their composition on the level of sialic acid level and ceruloplasmin level in the blood serum as well as study of anti-exudative activity of the proposed composition have shown, that caffeine potentiates pharmacological activity of celecoxib in formalin-induced paw edema model. Conclusion. The findings indicate that the combination of celecoxib and caffeine is a promising therapeutic option for inflammatory conditions.