Key result
Screening at-risk patients reveals ~26% microalbuminuria prevalence, linked to age, smoking, and hypertension.
Why the study?
Numerous screenings of CKD have been performed worldwide, but estimating prevalence and associated factors in a population at risk for CKD was needed.
Cross-Sectional (n=1,617)
Yes
A high prevalence of microalbuminuria, proteinuria, and reduced eGFR was found in high-risk persons for CKD, highlighting the importance of screening and managing modifiable risk factors like smoking and hypertension.
High CKD marker prevalence supports screening at-risk adults; leaves open whether modifying smoking or hypertension alters progression.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Numerous screenings of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been performed all over the world. This screening study was undertaken with the aim of estimating the prevalence of low glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and microalbuminuria (MAU) and/or proteinuria in a population at risk for CKD and to detect factors associated with these CKD markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1617 patients without previously known kidney disease who came for regular check-ups to their general practitioners in 13 Belgrade health centers over a 3-month period. Patients selected were as follows: 1316 with hypertension, 208 with type 2 diabetes, and 93 older than 60 years without hypertension or diabetes. Screening included a questionnaire, blood pressure measurement, single MAU dipstick measurement (Micral-test® strip) and proteinuria and GFR estimation by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease. RESULTS: MAU was found in 419 (25.9%) patients, proteinuria in 163 (10.1%), and eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in 370 (22.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender, age, duration of hypertension, and smoking were associated with eGFR. Male gender, hypertension, treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, proteinuria, and systolic blood pressure were associated with MAU. CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of MAU/proteinuria and reduced eGFR were found in high-risk persons for CKD. Besides nonmodifiable, significant modifiable factors for MAU were use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and strict regulation of hypertension and the factor for reduced eGFR was smoking.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Ležaić et al. (2011) conducted a cross-sectional in Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease (n=1,617). Risk factors for chronic kidney disease was evaluated on Prevalence of low eGFR (< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), microalbuminuria (MAU), and proteinuria. Screening of 1,617 at-risk patients revealed high prevalences of microalbuminuria (25.9%), proteinuria (10.1%), and reduced eGFR (22.9%), which were associated with age, smoking, and hypertension.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: