Kinematics of Black Hole X‐Ray Binary GRS 1915+105

The space velocity of a stellar black hole encodes the history of its formation and evolution. Here we measure the three-dimensional motion of the microquasar GRS 1915+105, using a decade of astrometry with the NRAO Very Long Baseline Array, together with the published radial velocity. The velocity in the Galactic plane deviates from circular rotation by 53-80 ± 8 km s -1 , where the range covers any specific distance from 6-12 kpc. Perpendicular to the plane, the velocity is only 10 ± 4 km s -1 . The peculiar velocity is minimized at a distance 9-10 kpc and is then nearly in the radial direction toward the Galactic center. We discuss mechanisms for the origin of the peculiar velocity, and conclude that it is most likely a consequence of Galactic velocity diffusion on this old binary, rather than the result of a supernova kick during the formation of the 14 M ☉ black hole. Finally, a brief comparison is made with four other black hole (BH) binaries whose kinematics are well determined.