Key result
Future gestational diabetes linked to greater pre-pregnancy increases in A1C and other risk factors.
Why the study?
Women who develop gestational diabetes mellitus have an elevated lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease attributed to an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile apparent even within the first year postpartum, but the development of this profile in the years before pregnancy was unclear.
Do cardiovascular risk factors evolve differently in the years before pregnancy in women who subsequently develop gestational diabetes mellitus compared to those who do not?
Comparison
Women who developed gestational diabetes mellitus vs women who did not
Design
Population-based cohort study using administrative databases
Follow-up
Median 1.86 years and 0.61 years before pregnancy
Authors
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Pre-pregnancy CV risk trajectories diverge in women who develop GDM; hypothesis-generating for earlier screening in observational data.
Cohort (n=101,161)
Yes
Do cardiovascular risk factors evolve differently in the years before pregnancy in women who subsequently develop gestational diabetes mellitus compared to those who do not?
Mean Difference: 0.0089 (95% CI 0.0043–0.0135)
p-value: p=≤0.0002
Women who develop gestational diabetes exhibit an evolving, adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile in the years prior to pregnancy compared to those who do not develop the condition.
Retnakaran et al. (2020) conducted a cohort in Gestational diabetes mellitus (n=101,161). Gestational diabetes mellitus vs. Women without gestational diabetes mellitus was evaluated on Annual change in A1C before pregnancy (MD 0.0089, 95% CI 0.0043-0.0135, p=≤0.0002). Women who later developed gestational diabetes mellitus exhibited greater annual increases in A1C (difference 0.0089%/year; 95% CI 0.0043-0.0135) and other risk factors in the years before pregnancy.
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