When a supercritical flow in a channel is forced to change into a subcritical flow, the transition will normally occur as a hydraulic jump, and the energy loss in the jump will be large. With increasing supercritical depth and decreasing difference between the corresponding depths the energy loss will diminish and the transition will at last occur in an oscillating manner. The character of the transition has a natural explanation that will be considered.
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V. Mandrup Andersen (1978) studied this question.
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