Key result
High-sugar diet increases retroperitoneal adipocyte size and number in rats by upregulating pro-adipogenic signals.
Why the study?
The molecular mechanisms and genetic networks driving retroperitoneal adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia in response to a high-sugar diet were not fully understood.
p-value: p=< 10(-7)
A high-sugar diet drives adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia in young rats through simultaneous modulation of the PPARγ and Wnt pathways.
High-sugar diets may expand rat visceral adipocytes via PPARγ/Wnt; leaves open human cardiometabolic relevance.
SCOPE: We have previously shown an increase in adipocyte size and lipid content in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) induced by an 8-week high-sugar diet (HSD). In this study, we assessed the effect of a HSD on the transcriptional activity of adipogenic genes in a time-course study to provide insight regarding the genetic networks involved in the rWAT response to dietary sugar. METHODS AND RESULTS: Weaned male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow diet or HSD (68% carbohydrates) for 4, 8 or 12 weeks, and rWAT was removed for histopathology and PCR array (adipogenesis) analyses. The HSD induced adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia in rWAT after 12 weeks of ingestion. Additionally, the HSD altered serum VLDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and glucometabolic parameters. Hierarchical clustering revealed HSD-induced changes in the expression patterns of the tested gene set. Pathway analysis, which used the enrichment analysis algorithm of the Thompson Reuters MetaCore platform, associated a cluster of differentially expressed genes with canonical pathways related to regulating adipocyte differentiation and proliferation (p-value < 10(-7)). CONCLUSION: HSD feeding post-weaning increased both the adipocyte size and number by simultaneously up-regulating pro-adipogenic signals (the PPARγ pathway) and down-regulating anti-adipogenic signals (Wnt pathway) in young adults.
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Queiroz et al. (2014) studied Diet-induced adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. High-sugar diet vs. Standard chow diet was evaluated on Adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and transcriptional activity of adipogenic genes (p=< 10(-7)). A high-sugar diet increased retroperitoneal adipocyte size and number in rats by up-regulating pro-adipogenic signals and down-regulating anti-adipogenic signals (p<10^-7 for pathway enrichment).
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