Key result
Pf-gp6 inhibits HIV-1 cytopathic effect and proviral DNA synthesis in vitro.
Why the study?
The antiviral activity and mechanism of Pf-gp6 purified from Perilla frutescens against HIV-1 and HIV-2 were examined to explore potential early-stage inhibition of viral replication.
Pf-gp6, a glycoprotein from Perilla frutescens, demonstrates in vitro antiviral activity against HIV-1 by interfering with an early stage of viral replication between entry and reverse transcription.
Hypothesis-generating for natural-product HIV inhibitors; no clinical implications without in vivo validation.
Pf-gp6, a 6 kDa anti-degranulation glycoprotein purified from the extract of Perilla frutescens, was examined for its antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in vitro. HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect and proviral DNA synthesis were inhibited in the presence of Pf-gp6. The 50% inhibitory concentrations of Pf-gp6 for various HIV-1 strains, including clinical isolates and CCR5-using (R5) HIV-1, ranged between 1.3 and 71.0 microg/ml, depending on the combination of viral strain and host cell. Furthermore, Pf-gp6 did not directly inactivate infectious viral particles. A time-of-addition experiment revealed that Pf-gp6 lost its activity before zidovudine but after the CXCR-4 antagonist AMD3100 during the early stage of viral infection. Although the pinpoint target of Pf-gp6 remains to be elucidated, it may interfere with a step between viral entry and reverse transcription.
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Kawahata et al. (2002) studied HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection (in vitro). Pf-gp6 was evaluated on HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect and proviral DNA synthesis.
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