Key result
Gamelan music-assisted progressive muscle relaxation lowers systolic blood pressure by ~19 mmHg versus relaxation alone.
Why the study?
The management of hypertension in community settings should combine pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, but the efficacy of music-assisted PMR using Gamelan was unclear.
Does Gamelan-assisted progressive muscle relaxation reduce blood pressure more effectively than progressive muscle relaxation alone in hypertensive elderly individuals?
RCT (n=58)
Randomly assigned
No
Does Gamelan-assisted progressive muscle relaxation reduce blood pressure more effectively than progressive muscle relaxation alone in hypertensive elderly individuals?
Gamelan-assisted progressive muscle relaxation is an effective complementary therapy for reducing blood pressure in elderly patients with primary hypertension.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
May support culturally adapted relaxation for elderly hypertension in low-resource settings; leaves open superiority to PMR alone in larger trials.
Chronically elevated blood pressure was a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The management of hypertension, especially in community settings, should combine pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. This study aimed to evaluate whether music-assisted progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) using Gamelan, Javanese classical music, could reduce blood pressure more effectively in hypertensive elderly individuals in Malang, Indonesia, than PMR alone. This study employed a pre-test and post-test study design with a control group. Fifty-eight respondents were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 31) and the control group (n = 27). Three respondents in the control group did not complete the study; thus, they were excluded from the analysis. The intervention group was trained and guided to perform PMR while listening to Gamelan. Meanwhile, the control group only received PMR. The intervention was conducted twice a week for 20 minutes for eight weeks. Dependent variables in this study were systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which were measured using an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-tests, independent t-tests, and Mann-Whitney test. We found a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. A Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference in the reduction of systolic blood pressure in the intervention group compared to the control group (p = 0.000). Meanwhile, the independent t-test showed that the diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group reduced more significantly than that in the control group. The efficacy of Gamelan-assisted PMR in significantly reducing both systolic and diastolic blood pressure showcases the potential of such combined interventions in managing hypertension. We recommend Gamelan-assisted PMR as a complementary therapy for the elderly with primary hypertension.
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Rahmawati et al. (2023) conducted an RCT in Primary hypertension (n=58). Gamelan music-assisted progressive muscle relaxation vs. Progressive muscle relaxation alone was evaluated on Reduction in systolic blood pressure (p=<0.001). Gamelan music-assisted progressive muscle relaxation significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by 18.87 mmHg compared to a 6.58 mmHg reduction with progressive muscle relaxation alone in hypertensive patients.
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