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According to an extensive study conducted in the early nineties, the best method for treating hazardous caustic wastewater coming from an SMPO (styrene monomer/propylene oxide) production plant is the combination of freeze concentration followed by incineration of the concentrate. The present work provides a thorough description of the principle of freeze concentration after the Niro freeze concentration process together with an example and an economical comparison with direct incineration.
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Lemmer et al. (2001) studied this question.
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