Key result
Targeting traditional and modern risk factors like depression improves primary CVD prevention in women.
Why the study?
There are biological, social, research, and healthcare access differences between men and women that affect cardiovascular disease outcomes, requiring updated evidence synthesis.
This review emphasizes the need for early identification and intensive modification of both traditional and under-recognized cardiovascular risk factors specific to women to improve primary and secondary prevention outcomes.
Supports psychosocial screening in women's CVD prevention; leaves open whether implementation improves outcomes in trials.
Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organisation, an estimated 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases in 2019, meaning 32% of all global deaths. In the last decades there had been ongoing efforts in raising awareness through campaigns about the impact of cardiovascular disease in women. These efforts, combined with a raise in the socio-demographic index, led to a global decline in age-standardised cardiovascular disease mortality in women in the past 30 years. There are many differences regarding the biological, social, research data, access to healthcare between men and women. This review summarises the latest evidence regarding the traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women, the gender disparities that lead to different outcomes in the primary and secondary prevention in men and women and the under recognised risk factors of the modern society, such as depression, anxiety, chronic stress, abuse and intimate violency and environmental risk factors. Most of the risk factors can be identified early in the life of patients and are modifiable, therefore early screening and intensive risk factor modification, along with medications in certain patients, would make a difference in the outcome of the primary prevention.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Donosa et al. (2022) conducted a review in Cardiovascular diseases. Risk factor modification was evaluated. Early screening and intensive modification of traditional and modern risk factors, including depression and chronic stress, are crucial for improving primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: