Key result
High OSA risk in youth is linked to a ~5-fold higher rate of metabolic syndrome.
Why the study?
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome negatively impacts health in adolescents and youth, but its associations with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in this population at risk for metabolic syndrome are not well defined.
Is high risk for obstructive sleep apnea associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adolescents and youth?
Cross-Sectional (n=558)
Is high risk for obstructive sleep apnea associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adolescents and youth?
Absolute Event Rate: 38.9% vs 7%
A high risk for obstructive sleep apnea is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents and youth.
OSA screening may flag cardiometabolic risk in youth; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before practice change.
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome has a negative impact on the health of millions of adolescents and youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of OSA syndrome with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors among adolescents and youth at risk for metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: A total of 558 subjects aged 14-28 years were recruited from the Beijing Child and Adolescent Metabolic Syndrome Study. Each underwent a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), echocardiography, and liver ultrasonography. Anthropometric measures, blood levels of glucose, lipids, and liver enzymes were assessed. Subjects with high or low risk for OSA were identified by Berlin Questionnaire (BQ). RESULTS: Among the subjects in obesity, 33.7% of whom were likely to have OSA by BQ. Subjects with high risk for OSA had higher neck and waist circumference and fat mass percentage compared to those with low risk for OSA (P < 0.001). Moreover, significant differences in levels of lipids, glucose after OGTT, and liver enzymes, as well as echocardiographic parameters were found between the two groups with high or low risk for OSA (P < 0.05). The rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (71.0% vs. 24.2%), MS (38.9% vs. 7.0%), and its components in high-risk group were significantly higher than in low-risk group. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of OSA by BQ was high in obese adolescents and youth. A high risk for OSA indicates a high cardiometabolic risk. Mechanisms mediating the observed associations require further investigation.
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Qu et al. (2015) conducted a cross-sectional in Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome (n=558). High risk for obstructive sleep apnea vs. Low risk for obstructive sleep apnea was evaluated on Metabolic syndrome (MS). A high risk for obstructive sleep apnea in adolescents and youth was associated with significantly higher rates of metabolic syndrome (38.9% vs. 7.0%) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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